7. Niacin
Also known as vitamin B3, niacin is a water-soluble vitamin that improves skin barrier function. It helps strengthen the skin barrier by promoting the production of ceramides, essential lipids that help keep the skin hydrated and protected.
Niacin also brightens the skin, as it can reduce the appearance of hyperpigmentation, skin tags, and age spots. It does this by inhibiting the transfer of pigment to skin cells, which helps to even out skin tone and improve overall radiance.
It also helps reduce inflammation and redness in the skin by blocking the production of inflammatory mediators and promoting the release of anti-inflammatory compounds.
8. Pantothenic acid
Also known as vitamin B5, pantothenic acid is a component of coenzyme A, which produces the skin’s natural oil, sebum. Pantothenic acid can help keep the skin moisturised and prevent dryness and flakiness by supporting sebum production.
It also has anti-inflammatory properties that can help reduce redness and skin irritation. This property makes it a useful ingredient in skincare products for people with sensitive or acne-prone skin.